Alabama
Alabama entered the Union on December 14, 1819 as the 22nd state. Built on a long arc that runs from Native nations and the cotton economy through the civil-rights movement, Alabama occupies a central place in the political history of the South. Today its state government is centered in Montgomery and follows the familiar model described by Plural Policy: a governor and a bicameral legislature made up of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Median household income$62,212
Poverty rate15.6%
Median age39.6
Government & Representation
Use this section to understand how the state organizes executive authority, legislative power, and federal representation.
Alabama organizes state government around an elected governor and a bicameral legislature made up of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature meets in Montgomery, where lawmakers write state law, pass the budget, and oversee the framework for state agencies and elections.
Legislative branch
Structure: Bicameral
- Alabama Legislature External This link opens in a new window
- Alabama Legislative Process External This link opens in a new window
- Bills External This link opens in a new window
- Code of Alabama External This link opens in a new window
- Code of Alabama - Election Laws External This link opens in a new window
Judicial branch
Have a question? Need assistance? Use our online form to ask a librarian for help.
U.S. Senators
Each state elects two U.S. senators to represent it in the Senate.
U.S. House delegation
House seats are apportioned by population and organized by congressional district, except for at-large delegations where applicable.
Find Your Representatives
Use one address to identify the people who represent you in Alabama at the federal and state level.
Official legislature tools
Find my legislator
State legislature website
Elections & Voting
Use the tools below for official rules, deadlines, registration, ballot access, and upcoming statewide elections.
Search by voter address
Enter an address in Alabama to check polling places, ballot details, election officials, and any address-based voter tools Google Civic provides.
Statewide voting links
Statewide voting links
Voting basics
- Check registration
Confirm that your voter registration is active with your state election office.
- Register/update online
Register to vote online or update your name, address, or party information when your state allows it.
- Mail registration
Download or review the mail registration process and deadlines for this state.
- In-person registration
Find out whether you can register in person before Election Day or at your polling place.
- Military/overseas voting
Access voting guidance for military members, their families, and citizens living overseas.
- Polling place finder
Look up where to vote in person and review any location details provided by the state.
Upcoming elections
Upcoming statewide elections from Google Civic appear here when they are available.
Upcoming Elections in AL
Virginia Special Election
Election day: April 21, 2026
Election ID: 11201
State: Virginia
Washington Special Election
Election day: April 28, 2026
Election ID: 11117
State: Washington